Almost flat manifold
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In mathematics, a smooth compact manifold M is called almost flat if for any ε > 0 there is a Riemannian metric gε on M such that and gε is ε-flat, i.e. for sectional curvature of we have .
In fact, given n, there is a positive number εn > 0 such that if a n-dimensional manifold admits an εn-flat metric with diameter then it is almost flat.
According to the Gromov—Ruh theorem, M is almost flat if and only if it is infranil. In particular, it is a finite factor of a nilmanifold, i.e. a total space of an oriented circle bundle over an oriented circle bundle over ... over a circle.
[edit] References
- M. Gromov, Almost flat manifolds, J. Differential Geom. 13, 231-241, 1978
- E. A. Ruh, Almost flat manifolds, J. Differential Geom. 17, 1-14, 1982