Alessandro Sforza

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Alessandro Sforza (October 21, 1409 - April 1473) was an Italian condottiero and lord of Pesaro, the first of the Pesaro line of the Sforza family.

[edit] Biography

He was born in Cotignola, an illegitimate son of the famous condottiero Muzio Attendolo.

Alessandro collaborated actively with his brother Francesco in his military campaign, and with him he conquered Milan, Alessandria and Pesaro. In 1445 at Assisi he commanded the troops besieged by Pope Eugene IV's condottiero Niccolò Piccinino. He was forced to leave the city, abandoning the city to ravages and massacres. In the same year he obtained the lordship of Pesaro by Galeazzo Malatesta. Here he enlarged the Ducal Palace to conform it to the Renaissance standards.

During the Wars in Lombardy in support of Francesco he presided Parma and, in February 1446, he proclaimed himself lord of the city. After Francesco's conquest of the Duchy of Milan, the Peace of Lodi (1454) confirmed him in Parma.

In 1464 he obrained by Pope Pius II the seigniory of Gradara, which he defended by the Malatesta attempts of reconquest.

He died in 1473 for an apoplexy attack. His son Costanzo succeeded him in Pesaro.

[edit] Family

He married to Costanza da Varano (1428-1447), the daughter of Pietro Gentile I da Varano, on December 8, 1444. She died while bearing Costanzo. The following year he married to Sveva Feltria Sforza (1434-1478). In 1457, fearing a possible conjure of the Malatesta family to regain the seigniory of Pesaro, he obliged her to became a nun in a monastery in the city.

By Costanza he had two children, Battista (1446-1472), who became the wife of Federico III of Urbino, and Costanzo, who married to Camilla d'Aragona, heir of Ferdinand I of Aragon.

He also had an illegitimate daughter, Ginevra (1452-1507), who was married to Sante Bentivoglio and, after the latter's death, Giovanni II Bentivoglio, duke of Bologna.