Alençon

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Administration
Commune of Alençon
Location
Longitude	00° 05' 35" E
Latitude	48° 25' 50" N
Country	France
Région	Basse-Normandie
Département	Orne (préfecture)
Arrondissement	Alençon
Canton	Chief town of 3 cantons
Intercommunality	Communauté urbaine d'Alençon
Mayor	Christine Roimier (2002-2008)
Statistics
Altitude	127 m–152 m (avg. 135 m)
Land area¹	10.68 km²
Population² (1999)	28,935
- Density (1999)	2,709.3/km²
Miscellaneous
INSEE/Postal code	61001/ 61000
¹ French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq. mi. or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
² Population sans doubles comptes: single count of residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel).

Alençon is a town in Normandy, France, préfecture (capital) of the Orne département. It is situated 105 miles west of Paris, and the town has a population of 30,380 (in 1999). Alençon belongs to the Communauté urbaine d'Alençon (with 52,000 people).

1 History
2 Economy
3 Transportation
4 Miscellaneous
- 4.1 Births
- 4.2 Twin towns
5 External links

[edit] History

It was probably during the 4th century, while the area was being christianized, that the city of Alençon was born. The name is first seen in a document dated to the 7th century. During the 10th century, Alençon was a buffer state between Normandy (to the north) and the Maine regions (to the south). In 1047, William, Duke of Normandy, later known as William the Conqueror, king of England, laid siege to the town. The citizens insulted William by hanging animal skins from the walls, in reference to his ancestry as the illegitimate son of Duke Robert and a tanner's daughter. On capturing the town, William had the citizens' hands cut off. Alençon was occupied by the English during the Anglo-Norman wars of 1113 to 1203.

The city became the seat of a duke in 1415, belonging to the sons of France until the French Revolution, and some of them played an important role in French history: see Duke of Alençon. The Revolution (1789-1799) caused relatively little disorder: a few riots, some plunder, some deaths.

The fabric industry, prosperous since 1650, started to decline at that time. The economic development of the 19th century and the industrial boom was generated by several factories (mills), and transportation networks (roads and railways) developed. Unfortunately, the major railway from Brest (western tip of France) and Paris misses Alençon and favors Le Mans, 50 km south, instead.

Up until World War II, the neglected city turned in on itself, despite a flourishing printing industry.

On June 17, 1940, the German army invaded Alençon. On August 12, 1944, the city was the first French city of the continent to be liberated by the French army, by General Leclerc, after minor destruction.

After the war the population sharply increased and new industries settled. Many of these are related to plastics.

Alençon is linked by autoroute to Le Mans to the south. In late 2005 Alençon was linked to Rouen by a new section of the A28 autoroute.

City hall

La Halle aux Blés

Castle

Library

[edit] Economy

In the 17th century Alençon was chiefly noted for its lace called point d'Alençon.

Today, Alençon is home to a prosperous plastics industry, and, since 1993, to a plastics engineering school.

[edit] Transportation

Alençon is now linked to the autoroute (major interstate) system with Le Mans (Sarthe), and to Rouen (Haute-Normandie) since the completion of the A28 27 Oct 2005