Adityawarman
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Adityawarman was a prince in the Majapahit empire during the 14th century, and a blood relative of Hayam Wuruk. Adityawarman conquered Jambi region in Sumatra, and later the Tanah Datar region in central Sumatra to take control of the gold trade. Adityawarman then founded the royal dynasty of Minangkabau in Pagar Ruyung and presided over the central Sumatra region between 1347 and 1374.
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[edit] Origins
Adityawarman is son of Mahesa/Kebo/Lembu Anabrang and Dara Jingga.
[edit] Dara Jingga and Bundo Kanduang
Dara Jingga is a daughter of Mauliwarmadhewa, a king of Melayu-Jambi Kingdom. The Melayu-Jambi Kingdom itself conquered the Srivijaya Kingdom in the year of 1088, and ruled it for the next 2 centuries. Dara Jingga is well-known as Bundo Kanduang in Minangkabau legend.
[edit] Mahesa/Kebo/Lembu Anabrang
Mahesa/Kebo/Lembu Anabrang was a Senopati (or General) of Singasari Kingdom of Java who had duty to conquer Malay territories which are Sumatera Island (SwarnaDwipa) and Malay Peninsula. It was well known as Pamalayu Expedition.
In the year of 1288, Mahesa/Kebo/Lembu Anabrang conquered all Malay Kingdom in Sumatera Island including Srivijaya Kingdom, and Malay-Jambi Kingdom. After accomplish his duty, he returned to Singhasari Kingdom to meet King Kertanegara. However, The King was dead, and The Kingdom of Singhasari was diminished by Jayakatwang, King of Kadiri Kingdom. Likewise, Jayakatwang itself was killed by Raden Wijaya, who established a new kingdom: Majapahit in the year of 1293.
Therefore, Dara Petak, a Dara Jingga sister was given to the new king, Raden Wijaya.
[edit] The Crown
Adityawarman itself was born in Sumatra Island, and came to Majapahit with his father, Mahesa/Kebo/Lembu Anabrang, and mother, Dara Jingga. He was educated in Majapahit.
While Majapahit tried to expand its territories, Adityawarman was given responsibilities to Sumatera Island. Therefore, in the year of 1347 he returned to Sumatera Island, established Pagar Ruyung Kingdom, and re-established Melayu-Jambi Kingdom, The Dharmasraya Kingdom, and including ex-Srivijaya territories.
After accomplished his duties, his mother, Dara Jingga, was placed as the first Pagar Ruyung leader, and well-known as Bundo Kanduang. Instead, he was leading to ex-Srivijaya or Palembang, and became the first governor of Majapahit in Palembang. After he passed away, his son, Ananggavarman or Ananggawarman became his successor. A relative of Ananggawarman: Parameswara established Malacca Sultanate in 1400.
