8th United States Congress

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Contents 1 Dates of sessions 2 Major events 3 Major legislation 4 Party summary 4.1 Senate 4.2 House of Representatives 5 Leadership 5.1 Senate 5.2 House of Representatives 6 Members 6.1 Senate 6.2 House of Representatives 6.3 Delegates 7 Changes in Membership 7.1 Senate 7.2 House of Representatives 8 Officers 8.1 Senate 8.2 House of Representatives 8.3 Other 9 Notes 10 References 11 External links

The Eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the United States national legislature, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1803 to March 3, 1805, during the last two years of the first administration of U.S. President Thomas Jefferson.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Second Census of the United States in 1800. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

[edit] Dates of sessions

March 4, 1803–March 3, 1805

• First session: October 17, 1803 - March 27, 1804
• Second session: November 5, 1804 - March 3, 1805 — a lame duck session

Previous congress: 7th Congress
Next congress: 9th Congress

[edit] Major events

Main article: Events of 1803; Events of 1804; Events of 1805

• April 30, 1803 - Louisiana Purchase was made by the United States from France.
• February 16, 1804 - First Barbary War: Stephen Decatur led a raid to burn the pirate-held frigate Philadelphia.
• May 14, 1804 - The Lewis and Clark Expedition departed from Camp Dubois to begin their historic journey by traveling up the Missouri River.
• June 15, 1804 - The 12th Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified by the states, requiring electors to cast two distinct votes: one for President and another for Vice President.
• July 11, 1804 - Duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr resulted in the death of Alexander Hamilton.
• Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)

[edit] Major legislation

Main article : List of United States federal legislation in the 8th Congress

• December 9, 1803 - The 12th Amendment to the United States Constitution was passed by the U.S. Congress.
• March 26, 1804 - Orleans was organized as a territory. It was formerly a portion of the District of Louisiana.

[edit] Party summary

The count below reflects affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress, with the addition of members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Subsequent changes are reflected below in the "Changes in Membership" section.

[edit] Senate

• Democratic-Republican: 25 (majority)
• Federalist: 9

TOTAL members: 34

[edit] House of Representatives

• Democratic-Republican: 103 (majority)
• Federalist: 39

TOTAL members: 142

[edit] Leadership

[edit] Senate

• Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
  • Aaron Burr, Democratic-Republican of New York.
• President pro tempore of the Senate:
  • John Brown, Democratic-Republican of Kentucky, first elected October 17, 1803.
  • Jesse Franklin, Democratic-Republican of North Carolina, elected March 10, 1804.
  • Joseph Anderson, Democratic-Republican of Tennessee, first elected January 15, 1805.

[edit] House of Representatives

• Speaker of the House
  • Nathaniel Macon, Democratic-Republican of North Carolina, elected October 17, 1803.

[edit] Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

See also: 8th United States Congress - Political Parties

See also: 8th United States Congress - State Delegations

See also: United States House election, 1802

[edit] Senate

At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1808; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1804; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1806.

Connecticut

• 1. James Hillhouse (Fed.)
• 3. Uriah Tracy (Fed.)

Delaware

• 2. William H. Wells (Fed.) …resigned November 6, 1804.

  James A. Bayard (Fed.) …elected to fill vacancy, November 13, 1804.

• 1. Samuel White (Fed.)

Georgia

• 2. Abraham Baldwin (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. James Jackson (Dem.-Rep.)

Kentucky

• 2. John Brown (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. John Breckinridge (Dem.-Rep.)

Maryland

• 3. Robert Wright (Dem.-Rep.)
• 1. Samuel Smith (Dem.-Rep.)

Massachusetts

• 2. Timothy Pickering (Fed.) …elected to fill vacancy from preceding Congress March 4, 1803.
• 1. John Quincy Adams (Fed.)

New Hampshire

• 2. Simeon Olcott (Fed.)
• 3. William Plumer (Fed.)

New Jersey

• 2. Jonathan Dayton (Fed.)
• 1. John Condit (Dem.-Rep.) …appointed to fill vacancy, September 1, 1803, subsequently elected.

New York

• 3. DeWitt Clinton (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned November 4, 1803.

  John Armstrong, Jr. (Dem.-Rep.) …appointed to fill vacancy, November 10, 1803.

  John Smith (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, February 4, 1804.

• 1. Theodorus Bailey (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned January 16, 1804.

  John Armstrong, Jr. (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated February 25, 1804, resigned June 30, 1804.

  Samuel L. Mitchill (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, November 9, 1804.

North Carolina

• 2. Jesse Franklin (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. David Stone (Dem.-Rep.)

Ohio

• 1. John Smith (Dem.-Rep.) …newly admitted state, elected April 1, 1803.
• 3. Thomas Worthington (Dem.-Rep.) …newly admitted state, elected April 1, 1803.

Pennsylvania

• 3. George Logan (Dem.-Rep.)
• 1. Samuel Maclay (Dem.-Rep.)

Rhode Island

• 2. Christopher Ellery (Dem.-Rep.)
• 1. Samuel J. Potter (Dem.-Rep.) …died October 14, 1804.

  Benjamin Howland (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, October 29, 1804.

South Carolina

• 2. Thomas Sumter (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. Pierce Butler (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned November 21, 1804.

  John Gaillard (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, December 6, 1804.

Tennessee

• 1. Joseph Anderson (Dem.-Rep.)
• 2. William Cocke (Dem.-Rep.)

Vermont

• 3. Stephen R. Bradley (Dem.-Rep.)
• 1. Israel Smith (Dem.-Rep.)

Virginia

• 1. Stevens T. Mason (Dem.-Rep.) …died May 10, 1803.

  John Taylor (Dem.-Rep.) …appointed to fill vacancy, seated October 17, 1803.

  Abraham B. Venable (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, December 7, 1803, resigned June 7, 1804.

  William B. Giles (Dem.-Rep.) …appointed to fill vacancy, August 11, 1804.

  Andrew Moore (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 17, 1804.

• 2. Wilson C. Nicholas (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned May 22, 1804.

  Andrew Moore (Dem.-Rep.) …appointed to fill vacancy, August 11, 1804.

  William B. Giles (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 17, 1804.

[edit] House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

Connecticut ^[1]

• A/L. Simeon Baldwin (Fed.)
• A/L. Samuel W. Dana (Fed.)
• A/L. John Davenport (Fed.)
• A/L. Calvin Goddard (Fed.)
• A/L. Roger Griswold (Fed.)
• A/L. John C. Smith (Fed.)
• A/L. Benjamin Tallmadge (Fed.)

Delaware

• A/L. Caesar A. Rodney (Dem.-Rep.)

Georgia ^[2]

• A/L. Joseph Bryan (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. Peter Early (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. Samuel Hammond (Dem.-Rep.) …seat declared vacant, February 2, 1805.
• A/L. David Meriwether (Dem.-Rep.)

Kentucky

• 1. Matthew Lyon (Dem.-Rep.)
• 2. John Boyle (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. Matthew Walton (Dem.-Rep.)
• 4. Thomas Sandford (Dem.-Rep.)
• 5. John Fowler (Dem.-Rep.)
• 6. George M. Bedinger (Dem.-Rep.)

Maryland ^[3]

• 1. John Campbell (Fed.)
• 2. Walter Bowie (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. Thomas Plater (Fed.)
• 4. Daniel Hiester (Dem.-Rep.) …died March 7, 1807.

  Roger Nelson (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated November 6, 1804.

• 5. William McCreery (Dem.-Rep.)
• 5. Nicholas R. Moore (Dem.-Rep.)
• 6. John Archer (Dem.-Rep.)
• 7. Joseph H. Nicholson (Dem.-Rep.)
• 8. John Dennis (Fed.)

Massachusetts

• 1. William Eustis (Dem.-Rep.)
• 2. Jacob Crowninshield (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. Manasseh Cutler (Fed.)
• 4. Joseph B. Varnum (Dem.-Rep.)
• 5. Thomas Dwight (Fed.)
• 6. Samuel Taggart (Fed.)
• 7. Nahum Mitchell (Fed.)
• 8. Lemuel Williams (Fed.)
• 9. Phanuel Bishop (Dem.-Rep.)
• 10. Seth Hastings (Fed.)
• 11. William Stedman (Fed.)
• 12. Thomson J. Skinner (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned August 10, 1804.

  Simon Larned (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated November 5, 1804.

• 13. Ebenezer Seaver (Dem.-Rep.)
• 14. Richard Cutts (Dem.-Rep.)
• 15. Peleg Wadsworth (Fed.)
• 16. Samuel Thatcher (Fed.)
• 17. Phineas Bruce (Fed.) …never qualified due to illness

New Hampshire ^[4]

• A/L. Silas Betton (Fed.)
• A/L. Clifton Clagett (Fed.)
• A/L. David Hough (Fed.)
• A/L. Samuel Hunt (Fed.)
• A/L. Samuel Tenney (Fed.)

New Jersey ^[5]

• A/L. Adam Boyd (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. Ebenezer Elmer (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. William Helms (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. James Mott (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. James Sloan (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. Henry Southard (Dem.-Rep.)

New York

• 1. John Smith (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned February 23, 1804.

  Samuel Riker (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated November 5, 1804.

• 2. Joshua Sands (Fed.)
• 3. Samuel L. Mitchill (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned November 22, 1804.

  George Clinton (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated February 14, 1805.

• 4. Philip Van Cortlandt (Dem.-Rep.)
• 5. Andrew McCord (Dem.-Rep.)
• 6. Isaac Bloom (Dem.-Rep.) …died April 23, 1803, before Congress assembled.

  Daniel C. Verplanck (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated October 17, 1803.

• 7. Josiah Hasbrouck (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy from death of Representative-elect, seated October 17, 1803.
• 8. Henry W. Livingston (Fed.)
• 9. Killian K. Van Rensselaer (Fed.)
• 10. George Tibbits (Fed.)
• 11. Beriah Palmer (Dem.-Rep.)
• 12. David Thomas (Dem.-Rep.)
• 13. Thomas Sammons (Dem.-Rep.)
• 14. Erastus Root (Dem.-Rep.)
• 15. Gaylord Griswold (Fed.)
• 16. John Paterson (Dem.-Rep.)
• 17. Oliver Phelps (Dem.-Rep.)

North Carolina

• 1. Thomas Wynns (Dem.-Rep.)
• 2. Willis Alston (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. William Kennedy (Dem.-Rep.)
• 4. William Blackledge (Dem.-Rep.)
• 5. James Gillespie (Dem.-Rep.) …died January 10, 1805.
• 6. Nathaniel Macon (Dem.-Rep.)
• 7. Samuel D. Purviance (Fed.)
• 8. Richard Stanford (Dem.-Rep.)
• 9. Marmaduke Williams (Dem.-Rep.)
• 10. Nathaniel Alexander (Dem.-Rep.)
• 11. James Holland (Dem.-Rep.)
• 12. Joseph Winston (Dem.-Rep.)

Ohio

• A/L. Jeremiah Morrow (Dem.-Rep.) …newly admitted state, seated October 17, 1803.

Pennsylvania ^[6]

• 1. Joseph Clay (Dem.-Rep.)
• 1. Michael Leib (Dem.-Rep.)
• 1. Jacob Richards (Dem.-Rep.)
• 2. Robert Brown (Dem.-Rep.)
• 2. Frederick Conrad (Dem.-Rep.)
• 2. Isaac Van Horne (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. Isaac Anderson (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. Joseph Hiester (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. John Whitehill (Dem.-Rep.)
• 4. David Bard (Dem.-Rep.)
• 4. John A. Hanna (Dem.-Rep.)
• 5. Andrew Gregg (Dem.-Rep.)
• 6. John Stewart (Dem.-Rep.)
• 7. John Rea (Dem.-Rep.)
• 8. William Findley (Dem.-Rep.)
• 9. John Smilie (Dem.-Rep.)
• 10. William Hoge (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned October 15, 1804.

  John Hoge (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated November 27, 1804.

• 11. John B.C. Lucas (Dem.-Rep.)

Rhode Island ^[7]

• A/L. Nehemiah Knight (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. Joseph Stanton, Jr. (Dem.-Rep.)

South Carolina

• 1. Thomas Lowndes (Fed.)
• 2. William Butler, Sr. (Dem.-Rep.)
• 3. Benjamin Huger (Fed.)
• 4. Wade Hampton (Dem.-Rep.)
• 5. Richard Winn (Dem.-Rep.)
• 6. Levi Casey (Dem.-Rep.)
• 7. Thomas Moore (Dem.-Rep.)
• 8. John B. Earle (Dem.-Rep.)

Tennessee ^[8]

• A/L. George W. Campbell (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. William Dickson (Dem.-Rep.)
• A/L. John Rhea (Dem.-Rep.)

Vermont

• 1. Gideon Olin (Dem.-Rep.)
• 2. James Elliott (Fed.)
• 3. William Chamberlain (Fed.)
• 4. Martin Chittenden (Fed.)

Virginia

• 1. John G. Jackson (Dem.-Rep.)
• 2. James Stephenson (Fed.)
• 3. John Smith (Dem.-Rep.)
• 4. David Holmes (Dem.-Rep.)
• 5. Thomas Lewis, Jr. (Fed.) ...contested election, served until March 5, 1804.

  Andrew Moore (Dem.-Rep.) …contested election, seated March 5, 1804, resigned November 6, 1804.

  Alexander Wilson (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 4, 1804.

• 6. Abram Trigg (Dem.-Rep.)
• 7. Joseph Lewis, Jr. (Fed.)
• 8. Walter Jones (Dem.-Rep.)
• 9. Philip R. Thompson (Dem.-Rep.)
• 10. John Dawson (Dem.-Rep.)
• 11. Anthony New (Dem.-Rep.)
• 12. Thomas Griffin (Fed.)
• 13. John J. Trigg (Dem.-Rep.) …died June 28, 1804.

  Christopher Clark (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated November 5, 1804.

• 14. Matthew Clay (Dem.-Rep.)
• 15. John Randolph (Dem.-Rep.)
• 16. John W. Eppes (Dem.-Rep.)
• 17. Thomas Claiborne (Dem.-Rep.)
• 18. Peterson Goodwyn (Dem.-Rep.)
• 19. Edwin Gray (Dem.-Rep.)
• 20. Thomas Newton, Jr. (Dem.-Rep.)
• 21. Thomas M. Randolph (Dem.-Rep.)
• 22. John Clopton (Dem.-Rep.)

[edit] Delegates

Mississippi Territory

• A/L. William Lattimore

[edit] Changes in Membership

The counts below reflect changes from the beginning of the first session of this congress.

Ohio was newly admitted as a state and is first represented in this congress.

See also: 8th United States Congress - Membership Changes

[edit] Senate

• replacements: 7
  • Democratic-Republicans: no net change
  • Federalists: no net change

• deaths: 2
• resignations: 7
• seats of newly admitted states: 2
• Total seats with changes: 12

[edit] House of Representatives

• replacements: 7
  • Democratic-Republicans: no net change
  • Federalists: no net change

• deaths: 5
• resignations: 5
• contested elections: 1
• seats of newly admitted states: 1
• Total seats with changes: 12

[edit] Officers

[edit] Senate

• Secretary of the Senate:
  • Samuel A. Otis of Massachusetts elected April 8, 1789.
• Sergeant at Arms of the Senate:
  • James Mathers of New York, elected April 7, 1789.
• Chaplain of the Senate
  • The Rev. Edward Gantt, Episcopalian, elected December 9, 1801.
  • The Rev. Alexander T. McCormick, Episcopalian, elected November 7, 1804.

[edit] House of Representatives

• Clerk of the House:
  • John Beckley of Virginia, elected October 17, 1803.
• Sergeant at Arms of the House:
  • Joseph Wheaton of Rhode Island, elected October 17, 1803.
• Doorkeeper of the House:
  • Thomas Claxton, elected October 17, 1803.
• Chaplain of the House
  • The Rev. William Parkinson, Baptist, elected October 17, 1803.
  • The Rev. James Laurie, Presbyterian, elected November 5, 1804.

[edit] Other

• Architect of the Capitol:
  • Benjamin H. Latrobe, appointed March 6, 1803.

[edit] Notes

1. ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
2. ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
3. ^ the 5th district was a plural district with two representatives
4. ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
5. ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
6. ^ there were four plural districts, the 1st, 2nd, & 3rd had three representatives each, the 4th had two representatives
7. ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
8. ^ elected statewide at-large on a general ticket

[edit] References

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: MacMillan Publishing Company.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: MacMillan Publishing Company.

[edit] External links

• Statutes at Large, 1789-1875 [1]
• Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress [2]
• House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress [3]
• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress [4]
• U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History [5]
• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists [6]

	United States Congress Senate • Senators • Senate Leadership • Senate Committees • Senate elections House • Representatives • House Leadership • House Committees • House elections • Districts

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