1986 Pacific typhoon season
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The 1986 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1986, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the international date line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1986 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.
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[edit] Storms
28 tropical storms formed this year in the Western Pacific. 19 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 3 reached supertyphoon strength. 2 of the cyclones, Vera, were operationally treated as one, and another, Georgette, was the remnants of an Eastern Pacific cyclone.
[edit] Super Typhoon Peggy
Typhoon Peggy, which developed on July 3 east of the Philippines, steadily strengthened to reach a peak of 160 supertyphoon on the 7th. As Peggy continued westward, it slowly weakened, and hit northeastern Luzon on the 9th as a 105 mph typhoon. A slight weakening of the subtropical ridge brought Peggy more northward, where it hit southeastern China as a 65 mph tropical storm on the 11th. Peggy's fury resulted in 95 casualties (with 16 missing) and $2.5 million (1986 USD) in damage from torrential flooding.
[edit] Typhoons Georgette and Tip
From August 3 to the 4th, Tropical Storm Georgette existed in the Eastern Pacific, but degraded into a tropical wave while moving rapidly westward. 5 days later in the Western Pacific, it regenerated into a tropical storm, and became a typhoon on the 10th. At this time, a tropical disturbance was developing to its west, and it became Tropical Storm Tip on the 11th. Tip and Georgette underwent the Fujiwhara effect, causing smaller Georgette to loop as the larger storm Tip headed to the north. Georgette weakened to a tropical depression on the 15th, and was absorbed by Tip's large inflow band on the 16th. Around this time Tip strengthened to a typhoon, and reached a peak of 90 mph winds before upper level winds caused it to weaken. On the 19th, Tip became extratropical, and persisted as a remnant low for 6 more days.
[edit] Typhoon Vera
The most intense and extensive monsoon trough since 1974 spawned a tropical depression on August 15. It drifted to the southeast, relocating several times in its formative stages. On the 16th it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Vera, and operationally the storm was to continue eastward, continuing to relocate in the broad monsoon trough and becoming a storm again on the 17th after weakening. Post-analysis suggests that the first storm actually turned to the west and dissipated, and that a separate storm, also named Vera, formed well to the east of the first Vera on the 17th. Vera2 drifted northward until an upper level ridge forced the storm to the east, providing upper level outflow for Vera2 to strengthen to a typhoon on the 20th. On the 22nd, Vera2 peaked at 130 mph winds before the weakening ridge forced the typhoon to the west, retracing its path it took days before. The typhoon slowly weakened, and hit Okinawa on the 25th as a 95 mph typhoon. Vera2 turned to the northeast, hit South Korea on the 28th as a strong tropical storm, and became extratropical on the 29th in the Sea of Japan. 13 people were killed from the storm, with moderate to heavy damage in its path.
[edit] Typhoon Wayne
The longest lasting Western Pacific system on record began its long life on August 16 in the South China Sea, having formed from the monsoon trough. It drifted to the southwest, then looped back to the northwest, becoming a tropical storm on the 18th. Wayne, which remained embedded in the monsoon trough throughout its lifetime, turned to the northeast in response to a relocation of the trough, and became a typhoon on the 19th. The typhoon came close but remained offshore of southeastern China, and after reaching winds of 95 mph winds it hit western Taiwan on the 22nd. The building subtropical ridge forced Wayne south and southwestward through the Luzon Strait, where after weakening to a tropical storm it restrengthened briefly to a typhoon on the 24th.
Vertical shear caused Wayne to weaken to a depression on the 25th, and began to become entrained in the circulation of Vera to its north. Tropical Depression Wayne sped up to the northeast, but when Vera moved far enough away, Wayne drifted northeastward through the South China Sea, becoming a tropical storm again on the 27th. Ridging to its north forced Wayne southward, where it again became a typhoon on the 30th. It passed close to northern Luzon on the 2nd as an 85 mph typhoon, but turned to the west. 2 days later while moving quickly westward through the South China Sea, Wayne reached a peak of 100 mph winds, but weakened due to land interaction. It hit northern Hainan on the 5th as an 80 mph typhoon, entered the Gulf of Tonkin, and finally made its final landfall on northern Vietnam later on the 5th as a 70 mph tropical storm. The next day, Wayne dissipated over Vietnam, after 85 advisories and being the longest lasting Western Pacific system in history.
As a result of its consistent variance in track and drifting track, Wayne brought torrential rains through its path to the Philippines, Taiwan, southeastern China, Hainan Island, and Vietnam. Because of this, 71+ fatalities (with dozens of casualties in Vietnam), tens of thousands left homeless, and millions in damage can be attributed to Typhoon Wayne.
[edit] 1986 storm names
Western North Pacific tropical cyclones were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The first storm of 1986 was named Judy and the final one was named Morris. In post-analysis, Vera was found to have been 2 separate systems.
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One eastern Pacific storm, Tropical Storm Georgette, crossed into this basin, keeping its original name and "E" suffix.
