1-2-3 rule

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Hurricanes Rita and Philippe shown with 1-2-3 rule predictions.
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Hurricanes Rita and Philippe shown with 1-2-3 rule predictions.

The 1-2-3 rule (mariners' 1-2-3 rule or danger area) is a guideline commonly taught to mariners for severe storm (specifically hurricane and tropical storm) tracking and prediction. It refers to the rounded long-term NHC/TPC forecast errors of 100-200-300 nautical miles at 24-48-72 hours, respectively. However, these errors have decreased to near 50-100-150 as NHC forecasters become more accurate.

A decreasing trend in error is apparent in this graph of NHC forecast errors over time in the Atlantic basin.
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A decreasing trend in error is apparent in this graph of NHC forecast errors over time in the Atlantic basin.

The "danger area" to be avoided is constructed by expanding the forecast path by a radius equal to the respective hundreds of miles plus the forecast wind radii (size of the storm at those hours).

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