Épine Dorsale
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The Épine Dorsale, or Dorsal Fin, is an opening sequence of moves in the game of chess. It is noteworthy in that it can give rise to a number of King's Pawn openings.
The opening sequence is:
Up to the nineteenth century, the Épine Dorsale moves were considered superior to all others, but as the science of chess progressed, alternatives came to be regarded as both equally strong and more interesting and dynamic. These moves are still played at master level, and are often recommended to beginner players as a good openings to learn the game. A great variety of openings step off the Épine at some point.
For example, the French Defence branches off the Épine Dorsale at Black's first move with:
1...e6
The Ruy Lopez branches off the Épine Dorsale at White's third move with:
3.Bb5
Finally, Giuoco Piano follows when Black plays along the Épine Dorsale and leaves the line with:
3...Bc5
